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Wireless Transmission Medium and its Types in Computer Networks
The wireless transmission medium that can be used to send or receive data over a computer network will be discussed in this article.
Wireless transmission refers to the method of transferring data over a computer network without the use of wired cables. Here are some of the most commonly used wireless transmission mediums for sending and receiving data over a network. These are also known as wireless transmission media types.
The first three and last, which are "microwave," "radio wave," "infrared," and "laser," are discussed in this post, while the "satellite microwave" is discussed in its own separate article, which is next to this one. So let us begin with "microwave."
Microwave
Microwave signals are utilized in the place of cables for the purpose of data transmission. Microwave signals, which are analogous to radio and television signals, are transmitted over long distances to facilitate communication.
The microwave transmission consists of a transmitter, a receiver, and the surrounding atmosphere, in its most basic form.
When it comes to microwave communication, parabolic antennas are typically mounted on towers so that they can send a beam to other antennas that are located tens of kilometres away. The greater the height of the towers, the more of a range they cover.
It is possible to have a distance of one hundred kilometres between towers when using a tower that is one hundred metres in height.
The microwave transmission relies on clear sight lines to send and receive data.
Advantages of Microwave
The following is a list of some of the most significant benefits associated with using microwaves:
- Digging trenches for the purpose of laying cables and maintaining repeaters and cables when cables become damaged for a variety of reasons is more expensive than using microwave technology.
- The use of microwave technology eliminates the need for land acquisition rights during the installation and maintenance of cable lines.
- The use of microwaves makes communication easier even when traveling over rough terrain.
- It is possible to communicate with one another across oceans by using microwaves.
Disadvantages of Microwave
The following is a list of some of the most significant drawbacks associated with the use of microwaves:
- The transmission of information via microwave is a hazardous mode of communication.
- In microwave communication, signals sent from a signal antenna can sometimes become fragmented and travel to the receiving antenna via slightly different routes. When these signals that are out of phase combine again, they cause interference, which weakens the original signal.
- The transmission of microwaves can be disrupted by a variety of meteorological phenomena, including rain, thunderstorms, and so on.
- The amount of bandwidth that can be allocated is very restricted in microwave.
- There is a significant financial investment required for the planning, execution, and upkeep of microwave links.
Radio Wave
The type of transmission known as radio wave transmission uses radio frequencies as the medium of information transfer.
Because we are all very familiar with radios and how they function, when specific radio frequencies that are used for direct voice communication are made available to private businesses, those businesses are then able to use those frequencies for their own purposes.
In general, a private citizen's or business user's license will allow them to operate within a range of approximately 10 miles.
Sine waves are used in all modern radios for the purpose of information transmission, including the transmission of audios, videos, files, and data.
Because the sine waves used by the various radio signals all have different frequencies, it is possible to distinguish between them.
Parts of Radio Setup
The following are the two components that make up a radio setup:
- The transmitter: The sender inputs some kind of message into the transmitter, which then encodes the message onto a sine wave before sending it out over radio waves. In the context of this discussion, a message can be anything from the sound of someone's voice to images on a television set to data for a radio modem or any other information.
- The receiver: The radio waves are received by the receiver, which then decodes the message using the sine wave it has received. Antennas are utilized in both the transmission of the radio signal as well as its reception by both the transmitter and the receiver.
Advantages of Radio Wave
The following is a list of some of the most significant benefits associated with radio waves:
- Mobility can be achieved through the transmission of radio waves.
- Radio waves are more cost-effective than digging trenches for the purpose of laying cables and maintaining repeaters and cables in the event that cables become damaged as a result of a number of different causes.
- Radio waves provide an opportunity to avoid acquiring land acquisition rights, which are necessary for the laying of cables and their maintenance.
- Radio waves make communication easier even when traveling over challenging terrain.
Disadvantages of Radio Wave
The following is a list of some of the most significant drawbacks associated with radio waves:
- Radio wave communication is an example of a form of communication that is not secure.
- The transmission of radio waves can be disrupted by a variety of meteorological phenomena, including heavy precipitation and lightning.
Infrared
Data is sent through infrared transmission using light of the same wavelength.
Data can be transmitted through the air and can spread throughout a room using infrared light, which can reflect off surfaces but cannot penetrate walls.
The use of infrared transmission is becoming increasingly common in personal digital assistants (PDAs), such as palm pilots and other hand-held electronic devices.
A transmission carried out using infrared is regarded as a secure transmission.
Infrared Applications in the Real World
Infrared transmission has several applications in everyday life, including:
- TV remote controls
- Garage doors for automobiles
- Wireless speakers, for example.
Laser
A direct line of sight is required for laser transmission. Laser communication is unidirectional, similar to microwave communication, but much faster.
A laser transmitter and a photo-sensitive receiver are required at each end of the laser transmission.
The laser transmission is typically point-to-point between buildings. Weather can have a negative impact on laser transmission.
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